In a significant stride toward sustainable construction, researchers have unveiled promising findings on the use of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in lightweight concrete production. This innovative approach not only aims to enhance the material properties of concrete but also addresses the pressing concerns of cost and carbon emissions that plague the construction industry.
Led by Kittipong Kunchariyakun from the School of Engineering and Technology at Walailak University, Thailand, the study published in ‘Heliyon’ explores how SAPs can serve as effective pore-forming agents while POFA replaces traditional sand in concrete mixtures. The research reveals that substituting sand with POFA can increase production costs by approximately 1 to 7 percent and CO2 emissions by 3 to 12 percent, primarily due to transportation logistics. Kunchariyakun notes, “These emissions could be significantly reduced if POFA is sourced locally, ideally from sites near oil palm fuel power plants.”
However, the findings also indicate a trade-off in compressive strength when using SAPs, particularly in autoclaved samples. The study reports a compressive strength reduction of 15 to 33 percent after 28 days and up to 56 percent under autoclaved conditions. This decline is attributed to the collapse of the porous structure when subjected to high temperatures and pressures, a challenge that Kunchariyakun believes can be mitigated. “By treating natural SAPs with calcium ions from agro-waste ash, we can enhance the pozzolanic reaction during curing, potentially improving the overall performance of the concrete,” he explains.
The implications of this research extend beyond academic interest; they present a commercial opportunity for the construction sector to adopt more sustainable practices. As the industry grapples with increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint, the integration of agricultural by-products like POFA and innovative materials such as treated SAPs could pave the way for greener construction solutions. The potential for lower-carbon alternatives may not only attract environmentally conscious clients but also align with evolving regulatory frameworks aimed at sustainability.
As construction professionals look to the future, Kunchariyakun’s work encourages a reevaluation of traditional materials and methods. The shift towards organic-based SAPs could signify a transformative change in how lightweight concrete is produced, leading to a more sustainable construction landscape.
In a world increasingly aware of its environmental impact, this research serves as a beacon of innovation, illustrating how the construction sector can harness local resources and new technologies to build a more sustainable future. For more information about Kittipong Kunchariyakun’s work, visit lead_author_affiliation.