In the dense forests and rolling hills of Peninsular Malaysia, a unique architectural legacy has long gone unnoticed by the mainstream construction world. The traditional dwellings of the Orang Asli (OA), the indigenous peoples of the region, have been largely overlooked in academic studies, until now. A groundbreaking study led by Noor Hanita Abdul Majid from the Institute of Strategic Science and Technology at Universiti Muhammadiyah Malaysia (UMAM) is shedding light on the sustainable wisdom embedded in OA architecture, offering valuable insights for the energy sector and beyond.
The study, published in *Engineering Proceedings* (translated as *Proceedings of Engineering*), meticulously documents and classifies OA dwellings into distinct typologies based on their physical characteristics. “The architecture of the Orang Asli is not just a matter of cultural interest; it’s a treasure trove of sustainable design principles that can inform modern construction practices,” says Abdul Majid.
Through field measurements, interviews, and visual recordings, Abdul Majid and her team identified key architectural features that define OA dwellings. These include the plan and roof form, the height of the floor from the ground, the openings and geometry, and the materials used. The study reveals that these dwellings are not only unique to each OA sub-ethnicity but also embody sustainable attributes that could inspire contemporary building designs.
One of the most striking findings is the use of natural materials and the innovative roof designs that maximize ventilation and minimize heat gain. “The Orang Asli have developed a deep understanding of their environment over centuries,” explains Abdul Majid. “Their dwellings are a testament to their wisdom, utilizing local materials and design strategies that promote energy efficiency and sustainability.”
The commercial implications for the energy sector are significant. As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change and the need for sustainable energy solutions, the insights gleaned from OA architecture could offer valuable lessons. By integrating these traditional design principles into modern construction, developers could create buildings that are not only energy-efficient but also culturally resonant and environmentally friendly.
The study’s typology classification provides a framework for further research and practical application. It highlights the potential for cross-disciplinary collaboration between architects, engineers, and indigenous communities to develop sustainable building practices that honor traditional knowledge while meeting contemporary needs.
As the construction industry continues to evolve, the wisdom of the Orang Asli offers a compelling case for looking to the past to inform the future. The study by Abdul Majid and her team is a crucial step in recognizing and preserving this architectural heritage, paving the way for innovative and sustainable developments in the field.