In a groundbreaking development for sustainable construction, researchers have pioneered a novel approach to creating eco-friendly 3D printable cementitious composites. This innovation, led by Mahfuzur Rahman from the Centre for Advanced Manufacturing Technology at Western Sydney University, promises to revolutionize the construction industry by significantly reducing carbon emissions while enhancing material performance.
The study, published in *Case Studies in Construction Materials* (which translates to “Case Studies in Building Materials”), introduces a green 3D printable cementitious composite (3DP-CC) using a high volume of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as a replacement for traditional cement. This substitution not only improves sustainability but also maintains the structural integrity and printability of the material.
Rahman and his team employed the Taguchi-based TOPSIS optimisation method to systematically design the mix, considering nine performance criteria. These criteria encompass both fresh and mechanical properties, as well as sustainability aspects such as flowability, buildability, mini-slump, deformation, weighted mini-slump, 1-day and 28-day compressive strength, flexural strength, and CO2 emission rate.
“Our goal was to develop a material that is not only environmentally friendly but also meets the rigorous demands of modern construction,” said Rahman. “By optimizing the mix design, we can ensure that the material performs well in both fresh and hardened states, making it suitable for 3D printing applications.”
The optimal mix design, determined through this method, includes 60% GGBFS content, a superplasticiser (SP) dosage of 5 L/m³, and a viscosity modifying agent (VMA) dosage of 8 L/m³. This mix was validated through 3D printing, demonstrating excellent printability performance.
The implications of this research are profound for the construction and energy sectors. By reducing the reliance on cement, which is a significant source of carbon emissions, this innovation can contribute to the global effort to combat climate change. Additionally, the enhanced mechanical properties and sustainability of the 3DP-CC make it an attractive option for various construction applications, from residential buildings to industrial structures.
“This research is a significant step forward in the development of sustainable construction materials,” said Rahman. “It showcases the potential of 3D printing technology to create eco-friendly solutions that can meet the demands of the modern world.”
As the construction industry continues to evolve, the adoption of such innovative materials and technologies will be crucial in achieving sustainability goals. The work of Rahman and his team not only advances the field of 3D printable cementitious composites but also sets a new standard for green construction practices.