In the quest for sustainable construction materials, researchers have turned to an unlikely ally: palm kernel shells (PKS), an abundant agricultural waste product. A recent study led by H.A. Jabar from Universiti Malaysia Pahang’s Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology has explored the potential of PKS as a cement admixture, combined with a pre-hydration technique, to create more eco-friendly and durable cement mortars. The findings, published in the Archives of Metallurgy and Materials (Archiwum Odlewnictwa), could significantly impact the construction and energy sectors by reducing reliance on traditional cement and lowering carbon emissions.
Traditional cement production is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, accounting for approximately 8% of the world’s CO2 output. The search for alternative materials has led researchers to investigate the pozzolanic properties of various agricultural by-products, including PKS. “Palm kernel shells are readily available, especially in regions with thriving palm oil industries,” explains Jabar. “Their potential as a supplementary cementitious material could not only reduce waste but also decrease the environmental impact of construction materials.”
The study focuses on two key innovations: the use of PKS as an admixture and the application of a pre-hydration technique. Pre-hydration involves adding a controlled amount of water to the cement and PKS mixture before the final mixing process. This technique has been shown to enhance the performance of the mortar by improving its strength and durability. “Pre-hydration helps to activate the pozzolanic properties of PKS, leading to better binding and reduced cement consumption,” Jabar notes.
The research demonstrates that the combination of PKS-based admixtures and pre-hydration can improve mortar strength and durability while reducing the environmental footprint of construction materials. This development is particularly relevant for the energy sector, where large-scale construction projects often require significant amounts of cement. By adopting these sustainable practices, the industry could reduce its carbon emissions and contribute to global efforts to combat climate change.
The study also highlights the need for further research to optimize the use of PKS and pre-hydration techniques for various applications. “Future studies should focus on scaling up these methods for large construction projects and investigating their long-term performance,” Jabar suggests. This ongoing research could pave the way for more sustainable construction practices and a greener future for the industry.
As the construction and energy sectors continue to seek innovative solutions to reduce their environmental impact, the findings from this study offer a promising avenue for exploration. By leveraging the potential of agricultural waste products and advanced techniques like pre-hydration, the industry can move towards more sustainable and efficient practices. The work published in the Archives of Metallurgy and Materials (Archiwum Odlewnictwa) not only advances scientific knowledge but also provides practical insights for industry professionals looking to adopt greener construction methods.