In the quest for sustainable construction materials, researchers have made a significant stride by enhancing the mechanical properties of cementitious mortars through partial replacement of Portland cement with metakaolin and biosilica. This innovative approach, detailed in a recent study published in the journal ‘Buildings’ (translated to English as ‘Здания’), not only promises to reduce the environmental impact of cement production but also offers substantial improvements in material performance.
Marine Kalantaryan, a researcher at the Faculty of Construction, National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia, led the study that explored the effects of incorporating metakaolin (MK) and biosilica (BS) into cementitious mortars. The research also evaluated the influence of a polycarboxylate ether-based superplasticizer (Mf) and ultrasonic treatment (ULT) on the properties of these modified mortars.
The findings are compelling. Water absorption decreased significantly, indicating improved pore refinement and densification. “This reduction in water absorption is crucial for enhancing the durability of construction materials,” Kalantaryan explained. The flexural strength of the modified mortars exceeded that of the control mix by up to 89.9% at 7 days and 50.4% at 28 days. Compressive strength also saw marked improvements, with increases ranging from 20.8% to 51.3% at 7 days and 9.7% to 35.2% at 28 days.
The study’s results, confirmed through FTIR and SEM analyses, revealed enhanced pozzolanic activity and the formation of C–S–H gel, which contributes to the strength and durability of the mortars. “The synergistic use of MK, BS, and Mf, especially with ultrasonic dispersion, yields denser, stronger, and more sustainable cementitious composites,” Kalantaryan noted.
The implications for the construction industry are profound. As the demand for sustainable and high-performance materials grows, this research offers a viable solution for reducing the environmental footprint of cement production while enhancing material properties. The use of metakaolin and biosilica not only improves the mechanical properties of mortars but also aligns with the global push towards greener construction practices.
For the energy sector, these advancements could translate into more durable and efficient building materials, reducing maintenance costs and extending the lifespan of structures. The integration of these sustainable materials into construction projects could also contribute to lower carbon emissions, supporting the industry’s transition towards more environmentally friendly practices.
As the construction industry continues to evolve, the findings from this study could shape future developments in material science. The research highlights the potential of metakaolin and biosilica as viable alternatives to traditional cement additives, paving the way for more innovative and sustainable construction solutions. With further exploration and application, these materials could become a cornerstone of modern construction, driving the industry towards a more sustainable and efficient future.