In a groundbreaking study that could revolutionize road construction and paving, researchers have demonstrated the potential of reusing mixed reclaimed asphalt materials (MRAM) in alignment with circular economy principles. The research, led by Martin Decký from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Žilina, Slovakia, presents a decade-long investigation into the possibilities of recycling construction waste, particularly focusing on MRAM.
Construction waste is a significant environmental challenge, accounting for approximately 25–30% of the total waste produced in Europe. New legislative policies are pushing for selective demolition and recycling, aiming to recycle at least 70% of construction waste. Decký’s research addresses this challenge by exploring the use of MRAM, a composite material made up of 70% asphalt mixture, 10% aggregate, 10% concrete, and 10% soil.
The study found that the required characteristics for road construction cannot be achieved when using MRAM without heating and compaction. However, when MRAM was laid using a light dynamic plate and additional heating due to solar radiation, the deformation modulus increased by 53%, as detected by the LDD 100 device. “This significant improvement in the deformation modulus indicates that MRAM can be a viable option for road construction when properly treated,” Decký explained.
The research also conducted California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests on isomorphic MRAM models, revealing a substantial increase in CBR values when the temperature was raised. Specifically, the CBR value increased 4-, 5-, and 14-times when the temperature was increased from 20 °C to 40, 50, and 70 °C, respectively. These laboratory results were confirmed by monitoring the surface condition of a local road rehabilitated using MRAM between 2017 and 2025. Some sections of the road showed the properties of semi-bound layers after eight years, demonstrating the long-term viability of MRAM in road construction.
The implications of this research are profound for the construction and energy sectors. By reusing MRAM, construction companies can significantly reduce their environmental impact and comply with new legislative policies. Additionally, the energy sector can benefit from the reduced need for new raw materials, leading to lower energy consumption and costs.
Decký’s research, published in the journal *Applied Sciences* (translated from Slovak as “Applied Sciences”), provides a systematic approach to evaluating materials obtained from asphalt roads, optimized on the principles of the circular economy. This approach could shape future developments in the field, promoting sustainable practices and reducing waste.
As the world moves towards a more sustainable future, Decký’s research offers a promising solution for the construction and energy sectors. By reusing MRAM, companies can reduce their environmental impact, comply with regulations, and potentially lower costs. The study’s findings could pave the way for a more circular economy, where waste is minimized, and resources are used more efficiently.