In the heart of Northeastern Thailand, a treasure trove of biodiversity and traditional knowledge is being uncovered, with significant implications for the energy sector and beyond. A recent study published in the journal ‘Diversity’ (which translates to ‘Variety’ in English), led by Piyaporn Saensouk from the Diversity of Family Zingiberaceae and Vascular Plant for Its Applications Research Unit at Mahasarakham University, has shed light on the diverse and traditional uses of Fabaceae species in Maha Sarakham Province.
The Fabaceae family, commonly known as legumes, plays a pivotal role in tropical ecosystems and human livelihoods. This study recorded 83 taxa representing 52 genera, highlighting the family’s high species richness and cultural importance in local communities. The research team conducted field surveys and semi-structured interviews across various habitats, including homegardens, community forests, markets, and agricultural areas.
The study employed quantitative ethnobotanical indices to evaluate species importance and cultural consensus. “The highest Species Use Value (SUV) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) values were observed for Arachis hypogaea (peanuts), Glycine max (soybeans), Sesbania grandiflora, and Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (yardlong beans),” Saensouk explained. These findings underscore the central roles of these species in local diets and livelihoods.
Medicinally significant taxa, such as Abrus precatorius and Albizia lebbeck, exhibited high Fidelity Level (FL) and Informant Consensus Factor (Fic) values, reflecting strong community agreement on their therapeutic uses. The study also documented 44 new provincial records, emphasizing the value of integrating Indigenous and local knowledge into biodiversity assessments.
The multifunctionality of Fabaceae in rural livelihoods is evident in their diverse applications, spanning food, medicine, fodder, fuelwood, dye, ornamental, and construction materials. This research provides essential insights for sustainable utilization and conservation planning, bridging traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches.
For the energy sector, the study highlights the potential of Fabaceae species as a source of bioenergy. The use of leguminous plants for biofuel production can contribute to renewable energy goals while promoting sustainable land use practices. Additionally, the study’s emphasis on integrating traditional knowledge with scientific research can foster innovative approaches to energy solutions.
As Saensouk noted, “This research not only documents the rich biodiversity and traditional uses of Fabaceae in Maha Sarakham Province but also paves the way for future developments in sustainable agriculture, bioenergy, and conservation planning.” The findings offer a compelling case for the integration of traditional knowledge into modern scientific practices, shaping the future of the energy sector and beyond.