Recent research has shed new light on the construction techniques used in Pompeii, particularly in the aftermath of the devastating earthquake of 62/63 CE. This study, led by Matteo Maria Niccolò Franceschini from the CNR ISPC and the Sapienza University of Rome, delves into the mortars that formed the backbone of public buildings during this tumultuous period. By employing a multidisciplinary approach that combines archaeological, architectural, minero-petrographic, and geochemical analyses, the research uncovers significant insights into the raw materials and technologies utilized in ancient construction.
Franceschini’s findings reveal that the binders for these mortars were primarily sourced from the limestone of Mt. Lattari, while the aggregates were compatible with volcanic products from Somma-Vesuvius. “The mortars created before the earthquake show a meticulous selection process of raw materials,” Franceschini noted, highlighting the sophisticated techniques employed by ancient builders. However, the study also indicates a shift in practices following the earthquake, with a marked decrease in the precision of material selection and preparation. This change likely stemmed from the urgent need to rebuild, underscoring how natural disasters can drastically alter construction methodologies.
Despite this apparent decline in procedural rigor, the research underscores an essential takeaway: the hydraulic properties and overall quality of the mortars remained intact. This resilience speaks volumes about the durability of ancient building practices, which could inform modern construction techniques, particularly in regions prone to seismic activity.
The implications of this research extend beyond historical interest; they resonate within the contemporary construction sector. As the industry grapples with the challenges of sustainable building materials and techniques, insights from Pompeii’s ancient practices could inspire innovative approaches to modern construction. Franceschini’s work serves as a reminder of the importance of material science in building resilience against future disasters.
For construction professionals, understanding the evolution of building materials and techniques can lead to better resource management and improved methodologies in post-disaster reconstruction. “By learning from the past, we can enhance our future building practices,” Franceschini emphasized, advocating for a renewed focus on the lessons embedded in ancient structures.
This research, published in ‘Case Studies in Construction Materials,’ offers a fascinating glimpse into how ancient civilizations adapted to challenges and could pave the way for future developments in building technology. For further information about the lead author and his work, you can visit CNR ISPC.
