Recent research led by K. Vigneshwaran from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Rajalakshmi Engineering College in Chennai is poised to revolutionize the construction sector with its innovative approach to acoustic materials. The study, published in ‘Composites Part C: Open Access’, delves into the acoustic properties of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) printed wood and polylactic acid (PLA) composites, a combination that could reshape how buildings manage sound.
The investigation began by examining the mechanical properties of the wood-PLA composite, focusing on tensile and flexural strengths across different layer thicknesses, infill densities, and patterns. Vigneshwaran noted, “Our findings indicate that a hexagonal pattern with a 90% infill density and a 0.2 mm layer thickness yields the highest mechanical strength—16 MPa for both tensile and flexural tests.” This optimization is crucial for ensuring that the materials used in construction not only meet structural demands but also provide enhanced acoustic performance.
Building on these mechanical properties, the research further explored the acoustic capabilities of micro-perforated panels, which were printed with varying perforation diameters and tapered designs. Utilizing the impedance tube method, the team measured sound transmission loss and absorption coefficients. The results were striking; the tapered perforation with a 5 mm exterior diameter and a 4.7 mm interior diameter achieved the highest sound absorption coefficient of 0.60 Hz. “The convergent hole diameter reduction creates a viscous loss that significantly attenuates sound, making these panels highly effective for noise control,” Vigneshwaran explained.
The implications for the construction industry are significant. With urban areas facing increasing noise pollution, materials that can effectively dampen sound without compromising structural integrity are in high demand. The use of these wood-PLA composites could lead to quieter living environments, enhancing the quality of life for residents in densely populated areas.
Moreover, the study lays the groundwork for future research into FDM-based polymeric materials, suggesting a pathway for further advancements in sustainable and efficient building materials. As the construction sector increasingly turns to eco-friendly solutions, the incorporation of biocomposite materials like wood-PLA could provide a dual benefit of sustainability and performance.
For professionals in the field, this research not only highlights the potential of innovative materials but also underscores the importance of integrating acoustic properties into building design. As Vigneshwaran’s work continues to inspire further exploration, the construction industry may soon witness a shift towards more acoustically efficient and environmentally friendly building practices.
For more information about K. Vigneshwaran and his research, visit Rajalakshmi Engineering College.
