In an era where urban pollution poses significant challenges to health and well-being, a groundbreaking research project led by D. D’Uva from the Department of Architecture, Construction Engineering, and the Built Environment at Politecnico di Milano is making strides toward improving indoor air quality in polluted urban areas. This innovative study, published in The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, introduces a low-cost, real-time monitoring system that seamlessly integrates with Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology.
The essence of this research lies in its dual approach: utilizing advanced 3D parametric BIM models alongside sensor arrays and microprocessors connected through the Arduino Cloud. This system is designed to continuously collect vital environmental data, including temperature, humidity, pressure, illumination, and notably, carbon dioxide levels. When CO2 concentrations surpass designated comfort thresholds, the system doesn’t just react; it proactively assesses external pollution levels using data from the IQAir database before making any adjustments, such as opening windows. A servomotor device regulates these openings, adapting the duration based on real-time pollution and CO2 data to effectively minimize indoor pollutants.
“This system represents a significant leap in how we can use technology to create healthier indoor environments,” said D’Uva. “By integrating real-time data with BIM, we can not only enhance comfort but also address the pressing issue of urban pollution in a practical way.”
The research employs detailed 3D scanning techniques using the Leica BLK2GO laser scanner, ensuring precise modeling of the environment. Furthermore, it leverages the power of Python code and Dynamo to adapt ventilation systems dynamically, responding to the ever-changing conditions of urban air quality. The results from this system have been validated against factory-calibrated sensors, such as the AirThings Wave Plus, demonstrating comparable accuracy over a week-long period.
The implications of this research extend far beyond academic interest. For the construction sector, this technology opens up new avenues for developing smart buildings that prioritize occupant health and comfort. By integrating real-time monitoring systems into construction projects, developers can create environments that not only meet regulatory standards but also enhance the quality of life for occupants. This aligns with growing market demands for sustainable and health-conscious building practices.
Moreover, the project is part of the MUSA-Multilayered Urban Sustainability Action initiative, which aims to explore natural methods for CO2 absorption within indoor environments. This focus on sustainability is likely to resonate well in a construction industry increasingly driven by environmental considerations.
As cities continue to grapple with pollution and its effects on public health, the potential for this research to shape future developments in building design and operation is profound. By marrying technology with a commitment to sustainability, D’Uva’s work could very well set the stage for a new standard in urban living.
For more information on D. D’Uva’s work, you can visit the Department of Architecture, Construction Engineering, and the Built Environment at Politecnico di Milano.