In a significant stride towards sustainable building practices, researchers from the Federal University of Technology, Akure, have unveiled a promising alternative to traditional sandcrete blocks by incorporating crushed periwinkle shells. This innovative approach addresses the escalating costs of construction materials in Nigeria while simultaneously enhancing the quality and durability of building units.
Oluwaseun Caleb AYESANMI, the lead author of the study published in the ‘Journal of Materials and Engineering Structures,’ explained the motivation behind the research: “With the rising costs of natural sand and the challenges posed by sub-standard materials, we sought to explore local resources that could reduce costs without compromising on quality.” The study meticulously evaluated the use of crushed periwinkle shells (CPWS) as a partial substitute for fine sand in a 1:12 mix ratio, which is particularly favorable for non-load bearing applications.
The research team molded ninety blocks, testing various proportions of CPWS—ranging from 0% to 50%—while maintaining a constant water-cement ratio. The results were compelling: blocks containing 40% and 50% CPWS achieved compressive strength values of 2.55 N/mm² and 2.67 N/mm² at 28 days, respectively. These figures not only meet but exceed the Nigeria Industrial Standard (NIS) requirement of 2.5-3.4 N/mm² for structural integrity.
Moreover, the study revealed a correlation between CPWS content and water absorption rates. While higher CPWS concentrations led to increased absorption, the results demonstrated a decrease in absorption over the curing period. This finding is particularly relevant for the construction sector, as it highlights the potential for using locally sourced materials that can withstand environmental challenges.
The implications of this research extend beyond mere cost savings. By integrating waste materials like crushed periwinkle shells into construction practices, the industry can contribute to environmental sustainability while also tapping into a new market for local shellfish processors. “This approach not only utilizes a waste product but also supports the local economy,” AYESANMI noted, emphasizing the dual benefits of the research.
As the construction sector grapples with the dual pressures of cost and quality, this innovative use of crushed periwinkle shells could pave the way for future developments in building materials. The findings encourage a shift towards more sustainable practices, potentially influencing building codes and standards in Nigeria and beyond.
For those interested in exploring this research further, it can be accessed through the Federal University of Technology, Akure’s website at Federal University of Technology, Akure.
