Coastal cities are increasingly grappling with the dual threats of fluvial and pluvial flooding, a phenomenon that has been termed compound flooding. As urban areas expand and climate change intensifies weather patterns, understanding the driving factors behind these severe flooding events has become critical. A recent study led by Y. Liu from the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation at Tianjin University has taken significant strides in addressing this urgent issue.
The study introduces a sophisticated coupled hydrodynamic model that integrates both one-dimensional and two-dimensional approaches to analyze flooding. This model utilizes historical data to create joint probability distributions of rainfall and tide levels, assessing their impacts across different return periods and durations. Liu emphasized the need for comprehensive analysis: “Currently, there is a lack of integrated methods to truly understand how various factors contribute to compound flooding. Our model provides a clearer picture of these interactions.”
One of the key findings from the research is the varying impact of rainfall and tide levels on flooding severity. The study reveals that rainfall is the predominant factor influencing compound flooding, particularly over a 24-hour duration, while tide levels significantly affect flooding dynamics at the same timeframe. The research quantifies the contribution of pluvial flooding, which can account for up to 19.08% of the total flood volume due to interactions with river water levels affecting drainage outfalls.
For the construction sector, the implications of this research are profound. By categorizing flood-prone areas based on natural and social factors—including rainfall, tide levels, pipeline networks, and drainage systems—decision-makers can develop targeted strategies to enhance flood resilience. This approach not only aids in disaster reduction but also informs infrastructure development and urban planning, ensuring that new constructions are better equipped to withstand the challenges posed by compound flooding.
Liu’s findings provide a framework for future developments in hydrological analysis, potentially influencing regulations and design standards in flood-prone regions. “Understanding the nuances of how different factors interact allows for more effective planning and construction practices,” Liu noted, pointing towards a future where construction projects are more resilient to the changing climate.
The research was published in ‘Hydrology and Earth System Sciences’, which translates to ‘Hydrology and Earth System Sciences’. As urban planners and construction professionals grapple with the realities of climate change, studies like Liu’s will be essential in shaping the infrastructure of tomorrow. For further insights, you can visit State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University.