In a groundbreaking study published in ‘Cailiao Baohu’ (Materials Protection), researchers from the CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd. and the University of Science and Technology Beijing have delved into the performance of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) in carbon dioxide (CO2) environments, particularly within carbon capture, utilization, and storage-enhanced oil recovery (CCUS-EOR) systems. This research addresses a critical issue: the frequent failure of rubber packers in injection wells, which can significantly hinder operational efficiency and safety.
Lead author Wu Guang’ai emphasized the importance of this study for the construction and energy sectors, stating, “Understanding the limits of materials like NBR in high-pressure CO2 environments enables us to make informed choices that enhance the durability and reliability of our systems.” The researchers conducted extensive corrosion and aging tests on NBR, adhering to the national standard GB/T 34903.1-2017. Their findings revealed that while NBR exhibited some resilience in CO2 conditions, it also faced significant risks, particularly in high-temperature and high-pressure scenarios.
The study showed that after exposure to CO2, NBR samples experienced an increase in mass but a decrease in hardness and tensile strength. Wu noted, “These changes suggest that while NBR can withstand certain CO2 conditions, it may not be the best choice for extreme environments.” As the pressure increased, the material’s hardness and tensile strength diminished, while its density increased. Conversely, higher temperatures led to increased hardness but decreased tensile strength, indicating a complex interplay between these variables.
The implications of this research extend beyond academic interest; they hold significant commercial potential for the construction sector. As industries increasingly adopt CCUS technologies to mitigate climate change, the demand for reliable sealing materials in CO2 environments will rise. By establishing a suitability range for NBR, this study provides essential guidance for engineers and project managers in selecting the right materials for their applications, thus enhancing operational efficiency and reducing costs associated with material failure.
Moreover, the research highlights the need for ongoing innovation in material science, particularly as the energy sector evolves towards more sustainable practices. “We are at a pivotal moment where understanding material performance can lead to safer and more efficient energy production methods,” Wu added.
As the construction and energy sectors grapple with the challenges posed by climate change, studies like this one are crucial. They not only inform material selection but also pave the way for future advancements in CCUS technologies. The insights gained from this research may well shape the next generation of materials used in critical energy infrastructure.
For those interested in further details, the research team is affiliated with the CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd. and the Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology at the University of Science and Technology Beijing. As the industry moves forward, understanding the applicability of materials like NBR will be vital for ensuring the longevity and effectiveness of CO2 management systems.
