In the heart of Saudi Arabia, researchers are unlocking new potentials for solar energy, and their findings could reshape how we think about rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) installations worldwide. Dr. M. Asif, an expert in Architectural Engineering & Construction Management at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), has led a groundbreaking study that delves into the challenges and solutions for maximizing rooftop solar PV on residential buildings. The research, published in Energy Nexus, which translates to Energy Nexus, offers a roadmap for optimizing rooftop space and could significantly impact the energy sector’s commercial landscape.
Buildings consume over one-third of the world’s final energy and contribute substantially to carbon emissions. Transitioning this sector towards sustainability is urgent, and rooftop solar PV presents a promising solution. However, the path to widespread adoption is fraught with obstacles, particularly in regions like the Middle East, where architectural and structural features often hinder PV installation.
Asif and his team conducted comprehensive audits of 30 residential buildings, identifying common barriers such as parapet walls, stairwells, water tanks, air conditioning units, and service equipment. Their detailed 3D modeling of a representative apartment block revealed a stark reality: only 28% of the rooftop space was available for PV installation in the base case.
To address this underutilization, the researchers explored three optimization scenarios. The first involved rearranging movable obstructions, the second lowered parapet wall heights, and the third proposed constructing an elevated PV canopy, or “fly-roof,” over existing obstacles. Advanced simulations showed progressively higher energy yields from these interventions, with the fly-roof maximizing utilization and annual generation.
However, the most preferred solution, according to a multi-criteria assessment, was pragmatically rearranging rooftop obstructions. “This approach offers a balanced solution that considers technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives,” Asif explained. “It’s not just about maximizing energy yield; it’s about finding a sustainable and practical solution that works for everyone involved.”
The implications of this research are vast. For the energy sector, it opens up new avenues for commercial growth. Developers and investors can now approach rooftop solar PV projects with a clearer understanding of the challenges and viable solutions. Policymakers, too, have a roadmap for encouraging solar PV adoption, while building designers and PV professionals gain actionable insights for future projects.
Asif’s work contributes significantly to the scientific understanding of rooftop PV optimization strategies. It provides a blueprint for regions facing similar challenges, offering a path towards more sustainable and energy-efficient buildings. As the world continues to grapple with climate change, such innovative solutions will be crucial in driving the transition to renewable energy. The study, published in Energy Nexus, is a testament to the power of interdisciplinary research in addressing real-world problems and shaping a more sustainable future.