In the world of dam construction, understanding the intricate dance between water and soil is crucial, and a recent study published in the *International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering* (translated from Russian as *International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering*) sheds new light on this complex interaction. Led by Mikhail Sainov from the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, the research delves into the stress-strain state (SSS) of earth core rockfill dams, offering insights that could significantly impact the energy sector’s approach to dam design and safety.
Sainov’s study highlights the importance of accurately modeling the forces exerted by water on dams. “Water medium may create several types of force loads on the dam: hydrostatic pressure, buoyancy, and seepage volumetrically distributed forces, as well as arise internal pore pressure in soil,” Sainov explains. This understanding is pivotal for designing dams that can withstand these forces effectively.
The research focuses on three distinct design schemes based on the permeability of the clayey soil in the seepage-control core of the dam. These scenarios include a conditionally impermeable core, a well-permeable core, and a scarcely permeable core. Each scenario presents unique challenges and outcomes. For instance, an impermeable core subjected to hydrostatic pressure experiences the highest pressures and deformations, while a well-permeable core, where seepage flow quickly becomes steady, shows a more favorable stress-strain state. The scarcely permeable soil scenario, however, is particularly noteworthy. “Due to core pressure, buoyant and seepage forces the stresses in soil skeleton are small. At that, horizontal displacements of the dam by value are closer to displacements in case of water impervious soil. This frequent case may be the most dangerous for the dam safety,” Sainov notes.
The study utilized the software package MIDAS, which allows for combined analysis of SSS and seepage regime, solving tasks related to soil consolidation. The Coulomb-Mohr model was employed for soil modeling, providing a robust framework for the analysis. The findings underscore the critical need for precise modeling and understanding of the seepage regime and pore pressure dissipation processes.
For the energy sector, these insights are invaluable. Dams are integral to hydroelectric power generation, and ensuring their safety and longevity is paramount. Sainov’s research suggests that the traditional approach to dam design may need reevaluation, particularly in cases where the seepage regime forms slowly. This could lead to more robust and safer dam designs, ultimately enhancing the reliability of hydroelectric power plants.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, the integration of advanced computational methods and a deeper understanding of soil-water interactions will be crucial. Sainov’s work paves the way for future developments in dam design, offering a more nuanced approach to ensuring the safety and efficiency of these vital structures. By embracing these findings, the energy sector can move towards more resilient and sustainable infrastructure, benefiting both the industry and the environment.