In the rapidly evolving landscape of industrial and urban development, the need for precise monitoring of man-made structures has never been more critical. A recent study published in *Технічна інженерія* (Technical Engineering) by Yu.O. Zabolotna of the Dnipro University of Technology, Ukraine, delves into the application of advanced geodetic and mine surveying technologies to monitor deformations in structures, offering a robust framework for enhancing safety and efficiency in sectors such as energy, mining, and urban infrastructure.
The study highlights the increasing risk of deformation processes due to industrial activities, transportation, and urban expansion. Traditional geodetic techniques, combined with cutting-edge technologies like GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) observations, terrestrial and mobile laser scanning, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) photogrammetry, and satellite radar interferometry (InSAR), provide a comprehensive toolkit for real-time monitoring. These technologies enable the detection of subtle shifts, subsidence, and structural instabilities, which are crucial for preventing catastrophic failures.
“Integrating these advanced technologies into digital geoinformation systems (GIS) and automated monitoring platforms significantly enhances our ability to model, forecast, and manage deformation processes,” Zabolotna explains. This integration not only improves the accuracy of deformation monitoring but also offers cost-effective solutions for various industrial applications.
The research presents a comparative analysis of the accuracy, temporal resolution, and cost-effectiveness of these technologies, shedding light on their practical implementation challenges. For instance, GNSS observations provide high precision but may be limited by environmental factors, while InSAR offers wide-area coverage but requires sophisticated data processing. The study also emphasizes the importance of regular geodetic control in risk management and compliance with safety regulations.
One of the most compelling aspects of the research is its focus on real-world applications. Case studies from open-pit mining, subsurface gas storage facilities, tunnels, and high-rise construction demonstrate the practical efficiency of a multidisciplinary approach. These examples underscore the potential for significant commercial impacts, particularly in the energy sector, where the integrity of infrastructure is paramount.
Looking ahead, the study recommends future improvements, including the integration of artificial intelligence for anomaly detection, the use of digital twins for infrastructure behavior modeling, and cloud-based data processing for real-time decision support. “The future lies in combining these technologies with AI and digital twins to create a proactive approach to geotechnical risk mitigation,” Zabolotna notes.
As industries continue to expand and urban areas grow, the need for reliable monitoring systems becomes increasingly urgent. This research not only provides a roadmap for current applications but also paves the way for future developments in the field. By leveraging advanced geodetic and mine surveying technologies, industries can ensure the safety and sustainability of their operations, ultimately contributing to the broader goal of sustainable development.