In the heart of Bangkok, researchers are delving into the world of nanomaterials to create surfaces that could revolutionize the energy sector. Witchaphol Somrang, a physicist from King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, has been leading a team investigating zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures to enhance the performance of slippery liquid-infused nanostructured surfaces (SLIPS). Their work, recently published in the journal *Materials Research Express* (translated as “Materials Research Express”), offers promising insights into creating more efficient and durable surfaces for various applications.
The team fabricated ZnO nanostructures on glass substrates using an electrochemical deposition process. By varying the growth temperature between 70 and 90 °C, they discovered that higher temperatures resulted in longer, more vertically aligned nanorods, but with fewer rods and wider gaps between them. “At elevated temperatures, the decomposition of hydroxide ions accelerates, leading to these morphological changes,” Somrang explained.
The researchers then infused these nanostructures with silicone oil to create SLIPS, which are known for their exceptional liquid-repellent properties. They found that the optimal nanostructure morphology and surface wettability occurred at moderate growth temperatures. “The stable, continuous lubricant layer formed at these temperatures significantly enhances fluid mobility and reduces drag,” Somrang noted.
The implications for the energy sector are substantial. SLIPS could be used to create more efficient pipelines and vessels, reducing energy losses due to friction. Additionally, these surfaces could improve the performance of heat exchangers and other equipment where fluid flow is critical.
However, the team also found that at higher growth temperatures, the wider gaps between nanorods and lower rod density caused the lubricant layer to be sheared away by water droplets. This transition from liquid/liquid to liquid/solid interfaces reduced the slippery performance, highlighting the importance of optimizing the nanostructure morphology.
This research underscores the critical role of optimization in achieving efficient SLIPS and opens up new avenues for their application in the energy sector. As Somrang and his team continue to explore the potential of ZnO nanostructures, their work could pave the way for more innovative and sustainable energy solutions.
In a field where every drop of efficiency counts, the insights gained from this study could shape the future of energy infrastructure, making it more resilient and adaptable to the demands of a rapidly evolving world.