In the pursuit of sustainable urban living, Norway has been at the forefront of developing zero-emission neighbourhoods. However, a recent study published in the journal ‘Buildings & Cities’ (translated from Norwegian as ‘Bygg & Byer’) reveals that the path to decarbonisation is fraught with complexities and resistance. Thomas Berker, a researcher at the Centre for Technology and Society, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies of Culture at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, has spent eight years studying these challenges through living lab experiments and interviews with key stakeholders.
Berker’s research identifies three main categories of resistance that hinder the implementation of zero-emission neighbourhoods. The first is the tension between professional groups, particularly between the energy and construction sectors. “There’s a clear divide in how these groups approach problems and solutions,” Berker explains. “Energy experts focus on optimising energy systems, while construction professionals prioritise building design and materials. Bridging this gap is crucial for successful zero-emission planning.”
The second form of resistance comes from ‘above,’ stemming from a lack of political and regulatory support. Shifting political priorities and bureaucratic hurdles can derail even the most well-intentioned projects. “Without consistent political backing, it’s challenging to maintain momentum and secure the necessary resources,” Berker notes.
The third category of resistance is ‘from below,’ originating from local stakeholders and future users. Community concerns, such as aesthetics, affordability, and perceived inconveniences, can lead to opposition. “Understanding and addressing these local contexts is essential for gaining community buy-in,” Berker emphasises.
The study underscores that overcoming these resistances requires more than just technical solutions and regulatory frameworks. It calls for a more inclusive approach that integrates diverse professional expertise and actively engages local communities. For the energy sector, this means collaborating more closely with construction professionals and local planners to develop holistic solutions that meet both technical and social needs.
Berker’s findings have significant commercial implications for the energy sector. By better understanding and addressing the multifaceted resistances to zero-emission neighbourhoods, energy companies can position themselves as leaders in sustainable urban development. This involves not only innovating in energy technologies but also in how they engage with other professionals and communities.
As cities worldwide strive to meet decarbonisation goals, the lessons from Norway offer valuable insights. The journey towards zero-emission neighbourhoods is complex, but with a more integrated and inclusive approach, it is achievable. Berker’s research, published in ‘Buildings & Cities’, serves as a crucial guide for practitioners and policymakers navigating this challenging terrain.