In the quest for greener cooling solutions, a promising but flammable refrigerant, R290, is gaining attention. However, its widespread adoption has been hindered by safety concerns, particularly regarding refrigerant leakage. A recent study published in *Zhileng xuebao* (translated as *Building Science Journal*) sheds light on these challenges and offers practical solutions, potentially reshaping the future of air-conditioning technology.
The research, led by LAI Xiaocheng, explores the safety issues associated with R290 in split-type air conditioners. R290, or propane, is an environmentally friendly refrigerant with a low global warming potential, making it an attractive alternative to traditional refrigerants. However, its flammable nature poses significant safety risks, particularly in the event of a leakage.
To address these concerns, LAI and his team built an experimental platform to detect the concentration distribution of refrigerant after a leakage. They also developed a refrigerant leakage response system to determine the optimal detection location for sensors. The findings revealed that in the event of a rapid refrigerant leak, explosive clouds can quickly form above the air conditioner. However, these clouds can be effectively eliminated by activating the fan and controlling the air outlet angle.
“The key is to ensure that the air volume is sufficient,” LAI explained. “Our experiments showed that when the air volume is less than 55% of the standard minimum air volume, the leaked refrigerant cannot be evenly diffused, posing a significant risk.”
The study also determined the optimal conditions for sensor placement and formulated effective explosion-proof measures. These measures can achieve a rapid response within 17 seconds, ensuring there are no explosion risk areas. This research provides valuable guidance for the application of R290 and the development of safer, more efficient air-conditioning products.
The implications for the energy sector are substantial. As the world shifts towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions, the adoption of R290 could significantly reduce the environmental impact of air-conditioning systems. However, ensuring the safety of these systems is paramount. The findings from this study could pave the way for the widespread adoption of R290, offering a greener alternative to traditional refrigerants without compromising on safety.
As LAI noted, “This research is a crucial step towards making R290 a viable and safe option for the air-conditioning industry. It provides a roadmap for manufacturers to develop products that are not only environmentally friendly but also safe for consumers.”
The study, published in *Zhileng xuebao*, offers a comprehensive analysis of the safety challenges associated with R290 and provides practical solutions to mitigate these risks. As the energy sector continues to evolve, this research could play a pivotal role in shaping the future of air-conditioning technology, ensuring that the transition to greener solutions is both safe and sustainable.