In the quest for sustainable construction, a groundbreaking study led by Fabian Kufner from the Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences is challenging the status quo of concrete construction. Published in the journal ‘Cleaner Environmental Systems’ (translated as ‘Cleaner Environmental Systems’), the research introduces a holistic approach to assessing the sustainability of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) compared to traditional structural concrete, with a focus on roof construction.
Concrete construction is under increasing scrutiny due to stringent climate requirements and evolving labor conditions. Kufner’s study presents a comprehensive evaluation model that integrates 36 criteria across ecological, economic, and social dimensions. This model goes beyond conventional material-based environmental indicators, considering the intricate interactions between manufacturing, structural design, and broader socio-economic aspects.
The study compares five roof component variants, including cast-in-place and precast flat roofs with steel reinforcement, a precast shell with steel reinforcement, and two textile-reinforced concrete shells—one manually sprayed on-site and the other produced robotically using adaptive formwork. The results are striking. “Textile-reinforced concrete shells offer major ecological benefits, with up to 90% material savings compared to conventional flat roofs and the lowest global warming potential among all variants,” Kufner explains.
The precast textile-reinforced shell emerged as the top performer in overall sustainability, thanks to its automated precision production. The precast steel-reinforced shell also showed significant promise, ranking second under equal weighting of sustainability dimensions and requiring 60% less material than conventional flat slabs. While cast-in-place flat roofs remain economically advantageous, precast methods—both steel- and textile-reinforced—offer notable social benefits by improving working conditions and minimizing site disruptions.
This research is not just about comparing materials; it’s about rethinking the entire construction process. The developed model demonstrates robustness and transferability, supporting early design decisions and detailed sustainability assessments for diverse components and construction strategies. As the construction industry grapples with sustainability challenges, this study provides a valuable tool for stakeholders to make informed decisions based on their specific priorities.
The implications for the energy sector are profound. As buildings become more energy-efficient, the materials used in their construction must also align with sustainability goals. Textile-reinforced concrete, with its potential for significant material savings and reduced global warming potential, could become a game-changer in the quest for greener buildings.
Kufner’s work is a testament to the power of holistic thinking in addressing complex challenges. By integrating multiple criteria and considering the broader context, the study offers a roadmap for the future of sustainable construction. As the industry continues to evolve, this research will undoubtedly shape the development of new materials, methods, and strategies aimed at creating a more sustainable built environment.