In the quiet corners of South West England, a subtle shift is underway, one that could reshape the way we think about heat, comfort, and energy consumption. As global temperatures climb, so does the frequency of extreme heat events in temperate regions, and with it, a growing reliance on air-conditioning (AC). But what does this mean for our buildings, our energy systems, and our societies? A recent study published in the journal *Buildings & Cities* (translated from English as “Buildings & Cities”) sheds light on these questions, offering insights that could steer the course of future cooling pathways.
Louise King, a researcher at the Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations (CAST) at the University of Bath, led a study that delved into the perceptions and experiences of urban residents in South West England. Through visual narratives and interviews, King and her team uncovered a stark contrast between cultural narratives of heat—often perceived as positive—and the negative experiences residents face during extreme heat events.
“Cultural narratives of heat are inherently positive, yet they contrast with negative experiences,” King explained. “Managing heat is framed as an individual responsibility, mediated through patterns of consumption, social, and structural contexts.”
The study reveals that as extreme heat becomes more common, so does the normalization of air-conditioning as a solution. This trend raises significant implications for energy use and cooling pathways, particularly in regions unprepared for the diverse impacts of overheating.
For the energy sector, this research underscores the need for a coherent policy approach to develop future cooling pathways. As King notes, “Cooling demand remains temporal, but expectations are now normalising air-conditioned futures.” This shift could drive a surge in energy demand, particularly during peak summer months, challenging existing infrastructure and accelerating carbon emissions.
The study also highlights the importance of experiential learning in shaping policy and initiatives. By leveraging lived experiences, policymakers can emphasize the impacts of extreme heat and support passive and sustainable cooling methods. Regulatory approaches can play a crucial role in supporting passive cooling in buildings and urban design, disrupting the market development of AC.
As we grapple with the realities of climate change, King’s research offers a timely reminder of the need for adaptive and resilient strategies. By understanding the perceptions and experiences of residents, we can develop more effective and sustainable solutions to the challenges posed by extreme heat.
In the words of King, “To disrupt unsustainable pathways, initiatives and policy should leverage experiential learning to legitimise risks, emphasise impacts, and support passive and sustainable cooling.” This research not only shapes our understanding of heat resilience but also paves the way for innovative developments in the field, ensuring a cooler, more sustainable future for all.