In the quest to make residential buildings more energy-efficient and sustainable, a groundbreaking study led by Alireza Norouziasas from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology has introduced an innovative approach to concentrated photovoltaic-thermal (CPV/T) energy systems. Published in the journal *Case Studies in Thermal Engineering* (or *Case Studies in Thermal Engineering* in English), this research could significantly impact the energy sector by optimizing the integration of renewable energy solutions in residential settings.
The study focuses on enhancing energy production, storage, and utilization through sophisticated component integration, managed by a rule-based control framework. This intelligent configuration strategy allows real-time coordination between thermal and electrical subsystems, ensuring efficient resource utilization. One of the standout innovations is the elimination of battery storage, which not only reduces investment costs but also facilitates a two-way interaction with electricity and district heating networks. This dual interaction can improve the integration of renewables and help shave peak demand in residential areas.
Norouziasas explains, “Our approach aims to create a more flexible and efficient energy system. By eliminating the need for battery storage, we reduce costs and enhance the system’s ability to interact with both electricity and district heating networks. This dual interaction is crucial for optimizing renewable energy utilization and reducing peak demand.”
The research evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of the proposed CPV/T system in two European cities with distinct climates and regulatory environments: Trondheim, Norway, and Rome, Italy. Using dynamic simulations in TRNSYS and Artificial Neural Network-assisted multi-objective optimization through the Grey Wolf Optimiser, the study found that the optimized configurations significantly lower operating costs, enhance renewable energy utilization, and achieve competitive levelized costs of electricity.
In Rome, the system achieved an efficiency of 32.1% with an energy cost of 60 $/MWh. Despite Trondheim’s colder climate and reduced solar irradiance, the system demonstrated strong performance. Norouziasas notes, “The strategic integration of CPV/T systems with district heating and direct grid connection reveals unexploited flexibility in home energy systems. This flexibility is key to adapting to different climates and regulatory environments.”
The findings suggest that the strategic integration of CPV/T systems with district heating and direct grid connection can unlock new flexibility in home energy systems. This could pave the way for more adaptable and efficient energy solutions, particularly in regions with varying climates and regulatory landscapes.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, this research highlights the potential for innovative, climate-sensitive approaches to enhance the integration of renewable energy in residential buildings. By optimizing energy production and utilization, these systems could play a crucial role in reducing energy costs and improving sustainability.
The study’s implications extend beyond individual households, offering valuable insights for energy providers and policymakers. As Norouziasas concludes, “Our research demonstrates the potential for CPV/T systems to be a game-changer in the energy sector. By optimizing these systems, we can create more efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable energy solutions for the future.”