In the ever-evolving landscape of materials science, a groundbreaking development has emerged that could significantly impact the energy sector and beyond. Researchers have unveiled a novel three-dimensional metamaterial with a zero Poisson’s ratio (ZPR), meaning it doesn’t change its width when stretched or compressed. This unique property could revolutionize applications requiring dimensional stability under large deformations.
At the helm of this research is Guglielmo Cimolai, a scientist at the Centre for Aeronautics, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing (SATM) at Cranfield University. Cimolai and his team have designed a metamaterial composed of shape-optimized helical ligaments arranged in a hierarchical lattice. This intricate structure reduces stress concentrations at the joints, enabling substantial elastic deformation in tension, compression, and shear while maintaining orthotropic, decoupled stress-strain behavior.
The implications for the energy sector are profound. “This metamaterial could be a game-changer for adaptive actuators and morphing structures,” Cimolai explains. “Imagine energy-absorbing systems that can withstand significant deformation without changing their dimensions. This could lead to more efficient and resilient energy infrastructure.”
The research, published in Communications Materials (translated from English as “Communications Materials”), delves into the mechanical characterization of this innovative metamaterial. Through finite element analyses, the team assessed homogenized properties, buckling behavior, and vibrational modes. They also examined the influence of ligament cross-sectional diameter and the effect of different base materials on stiffness and strain range.
Experimental tests on 3D-printed specimens confirmed the predicted ZPR behavior and deformation capacity. The metamaterial’s elastic isotropy, fatigue resistance, and tailorable stiffness make it suitable for a wide range of applications, from adaptive actuators to energy-absorbing systems.
As we look to the future, this research could shape the development of next-generation materials with enhanced performance and durability. The potential for commercial impact is vast, particularly in industries where dimensional stability and energy efficiency are paramount. With further refinement and testing, this metamaterial could pave the way for innovative solutions in the energy sector and beyond.