In a significant stride toward decarbonized energy futures, researchers have demonstrated the potential of hybrid renewable systems that integrate photovoltaic (PV) systems, battery storage, hydrogen storage, and blockchain-based peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading platforms. This innovative approach, detailed in a study published in the journal *Energies* (which translates to “Energies” in English), could reshape the energy sector by enhancing resilience, reducing emissions, and optimizing market dynamics.
The research, led by Antun Barac from the Mechanical Engineering Faculty at the University of Slavonski Brod in Croatia, evaluated the techno-economic performance and operational feasibility of these integrated systems. Barac and his team developed a simulation framework to assess two consumer profiles: a scientific-educational institution and a residential household. The findings reveal substantial reductions in grid electricity demand and CO₂ emissions, with hydrogen integration providing additional peak-load stabilization under current cost constraints.
“Our results indicate that grid electricity consumption can be reduced by up to approximately 45–50% for residential users and 35–40% for institutional buildings,” Barac explained. “This is accompanied by CO₂ emission reductions of up to 70% and 38%, respectively. Hydrogen integration enables significant peak-load reduction, which is crucial for system resilience.”
The study also validated the functionality of blockchain technology through smart contracts and a decentralized application, confirming the feasibility of P2P energy exchange without central intermediaries. This decentralized approach not only enhances transparency but also opens new avenues for market optimization and energy independence.
The implications for the energy sector are profound. By integrating PV generation, battery and hydrogen storage, and blockchain-based trading, energy providers and consumers can achieve greater independence from traditional grid systems. This synergy not only reduces emissions but also improves system resilience, providing a comprehensive basis for future pilot implementations and market optimization strategies.
As the world moves toward net-zero goals, the integration of these technologies offers a promising pathway to sustainable and transparent energy management. The research by Barac and his team underscores the importance of innovative solutions in driving the transition to a decarbonized future, setting the stage for broader adoption and commercial impact in the energy sector.
This study, published in *Energies*, highlights the potential of hybrid renewable systems to revolutionize energy management and market dynamics, paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient energy future.